朝日新闻记者：您好。今年是战后70周年，我想了解总理的历史观。另外到日本的中国游客现在有所增加，在日本购买很多东西，但是到中国的日本游客比以前减少，日本的对华投资也减少，您怎么分析这种现象?如何看待中国在70周年的纪念活动，包括大阅兵给日本国民的对华感情带来的影响?谢谢。

　　Asahi Shimbun: This year marks the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II. I would like to ask for your outlook on history Mr Premier. We have also seen that more Chinese tourists have traveled to Japan and bought a lot of things there. But at the same time the number of Japanese tourists visiting China as well as Japanese investments in China have both been on the decline. How do you see such a situation and how do you view the possible impact of China’s planned commemoration activities including the military parade on the sentiments of the Japanese people?

　　李克强：

　　Premier:

　　今年是中国人民抗日战争和世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年，不仅中国，世界上许多国家都要开展多种形式的纪念活动，目的是要牢记这一惨痛的历史悲剧，不能让历史再重演，要维护二战胜利成果和战后国际秩序及一系列国际法，以维护人类持久和平。

　　This year marks the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-fascist War. Not only China but also many countries in the world have plans to hold diverse forms of commemoration activities. The purpose of these activities is to firmly bear in mind the hard lessons gained from the past and ensure that that kind of history will never repeat itself. The purpose is to uphold the outcomes of World War II and the postwar international order and international laws to maintain enduring peace of mankind.

　　当前，中日关系的确比较困难，根子还是在于对那场战争、对历史的认识和能否始终保持正确的认识。坚持正确的历史观，就是要以史为鉴、面向未来。对于一个国家的领导人来说，不仅要继承前人所创造的成就，也应该担负起前人罪行所带来的历史责任。当年，日本军国主义强加给中国人民的那场侵略战争，给我们带来了巨大的灾难，最终日本民众也是受害者。在今年这样一个重要的时刻，我认为对中日关系既是检验，也是机遇。如果日本领导人正视历史，并且保持一贯，改善和发展中日关系就有新的契机，也自然会给中日经贸关系的发展创造良好的条件。谢谢!

　　It is true that the current China-Japan relationship is in difficulty. The crux about the issue is how that war and that part of history are viewed. One needs to hold a right outlook on history and that means one needs to take history as a mirror and at the same time look to the future. For leaders of a country, they - while inheriting the historical achievements made by their forefathers - also need to shoulder the historical responsibilities for crimes committed in the past. Well, the war of aggression imposed on the Chinese people by the Japanese militarists brought untold suffering and the average people in Japan were also victims of that war. At such a critical moment this year, there is both a test and an opportunity for China-Japan relationship. If leaders of Japan can face history squarely and maintain consistency in how they view that part of history, there will be a new opportunity for improvement and further growth of China-Japan relations. It will also create favorable conditions for the growth of our business relationship between the two countries. Thank you.

　　新华社、新华网和新华社发布客户端记者：总理，您好。去年以来银行不良贷款在持续攀升，影子银行风险事件时有发生，同时一些地方陆续出现了还债高峰。一方面我们经济下行的压力在加大，另一方面金融风险也在累积。请问您对此怎么看?谢谢。

　　Xinhua News Agency：Since the beginning of last year, the banks’ NPL (nonperforming loan) ratio has been increasing, and cases of financial risks of shadow banking have occurred from time to time, and many local governments need to have a lot of debt being paid. As the downward pressure on China’s economy grows, how do you see the building up financial risks?

　　李克强：

　　Premier:

　　刚才同时站起来两个人，你说了自己有两个头衔，也提了两个以上的问题，集中是在金融风险上。中国的确存在着个案性的金融风险，但是我们完全可以守住不发生系统性、区域性金融风险。

　　I think our financial risks are at the center of all these questions you just raised. It is true that there have been individual cases of financial risks in China, but at the same time we are fully capable of forestalling systemic and regional financial risks.

　　这是因为中国的经济还处于合理区间，而且我们的储蓄率比较高，地方政府性债务70%以上是投资性的，是有收益的，而且我们也正在规范债务平台，堵后门、开正门。就银行来说，资本充足率较高，拨备覆盖面也较广。虽然不良贷款也略有上升，但是在世界上仍处于比较低的水平。

　　China’s economy continues to operate within the proper range and there is a fairly high savings rate in China. Moreover, 70 percent of local government debts are in the form of investments, which boast quite good prospects for yielding returns. We are also regulating local government financing vehicles to ensure that we will keep the front door open while at the same time block those back doors. At the same time, Chinese banks have fairly high capital adequacy ratio and ample provisions. It is true that there are nonperforming loans and the NPL ratio has picked up somewhat, but still the level of NPL in China is quite low internationally.

　　这里我要表明，我们允许个案性金融风险的发生，按市场化的原则进行清算，这是为了防止道德风险，也增强人们的风险意识。今年，我们就要出台存款保险制度，而且要进一步发展多层次的资本市场，降低企业的资金杠杆率，也可以使金融更好地为实体经济服务。谢谢!

　　Individual cases of financial risk will be allowed. We encourage the practice of balancing one’s books in a market-based way, and we need to guard against moral hazards and raise people’s awareness of these financial risks. This year we are going to introduce thedeposit insurance system, continue to develop multitiered capital markets and lower companies’ leverage ratio. All these efforts will help ensure that financial services can better serve the real economy.