我要讲的第一点是，中国的发展是全方位的发展。关于中国的发展有些误解，有些人说中国只重视经济改革，忽视政治改革，实际上中国所谋求的是包括经济发展和社会事业进步在内的全方位发展。中国同时推进经济和政治制度的改革，没有政治改革，经济进步是无法实现的。认为中国只进行经济改革的说法是错误的，希望大家可以了解这一点。
The first point is that Chinese development is an all-around development. There are some misunderstandings about China’s economic development. Some say that China only emphasizes economic reforms, and neglects political reforms. That’s a misunderstanding of China’s development. China seeks all-around development including economic development as well as social undertakings. China is pushing forward the economic reforms and also pushing forward the political reforms. We believe that economic progress can not be achieved without political reforms. The idea that there is only economic reform in China is actually misleading. I hope that you will understand this point.
第二，中国谋求高质量的发展。刚才中国嘉宾谈到中国决定将未来五年的经济增长速度目标设为7%，而过去五年的经济增长速度目标是7.5%。大家可能从报纸上了解到中国南部最近发生了严重的动车追尾事故，这次事故十分不幸，导致数十人死亡，逾百人受伤。中国国务院总理温家宝到达事故现场接受记者采访时说，高铁建设不是越快越好，而是把速度与质量、效益和安全有机地结合起来，特别是要把安全放在第一位。动车追尾事故发生后，中国网民正在争论高铁的发展是否因过快而忽视了安全和稳定性。毕竟人的安全是最重要的，我们必须在速度与安全之间实现平衡。我认为，高速运行的火车和高速增长的经济之间有相似之处，降低经济增长速度目标就是为了保证经济发展的质量，并把更多精力放在解决经济发展所面临的挑战上来。
The second point is that China seeks a quality economic development. Just now, my colleagues from China have told you that China decided to lower down the economic growth target for the coming five years to 7%. For the last five years, the growth rate target was set at 7.5%. If you read newspapers, you will know that a few days ago, there was a severe collision between two bullet trains in China. That accident was very unfortunate. It led to dozens of people dead and hundreds of people severely injured. When Premier Wen Jiabao went to the incident site, he said to the media that it is not always proper to say that the faster, the better. We need to pay more attention to the security of the transportation. There is a huge debate right now on the internet in China about whether we are developing the bullet trains too fast at the expense of security and stability. Because people’s lives are the most important, we have to achieve the balance between the speed and security. There are some similarities between the fast train and fast growing economy. The idea behind purposely lowering down the economic growth rate target is to ensure the quality of the economic development and to allow more time to address those challenges in the economy.
第三，中国正在改变经济发展方式。多年来，中国经济对出口和政府投资依赖很大。中国和印度成功应对了国际金融危机，中国实施一揽子经济刺激计划，印度也采取迅速有力的措施应对危机，但过于依赖出口和政府投资的经济发展是不可持续的。目前，中国正努力扩大内需。统计数据表明，中国家庭消费对GDP的贡献率仅为35%，印度家庭消费对GDP的贡献率为57%，而美国家庭消费的贡献率为71%。中国要实现扩大内需的目标并不容易，一个问题是人们可能手上没钱，另一个问题是中国人有储蓄的习惯而不愿意消费。因此，首先要解决的问题是让人们手里有钱。中国目前存在比较大的收入差距和地区差距。例如，我曾经在西藏自治区工作，那里的人均GDP和人均净收入仅为全国水平的三分之二。尤其在农村地区，由于收入不高，农民甚至不愿意去医院接受相应的治疗，这一点中印之间有相似之处。最近，中国已经采取措施来解决这些问题。其中一个措施就是提高个人所得税薪酬起征点至3500元人民币，大约6000万工薪阶层受益。第二个要解决的问题是鼓励人们消费。一些人不愿意消费是因为他们有后顾之忧。如果不存钱，而孩子又要上学，钱就不够了；如果退休了，则害怕没有足够钱保障退休后的生活。尤其在城市里，大多数家庭只有一个孩子，如果孩子们长大、结婚，一对年轻夫妇就要赡养四位老人，这是一个非常重的负担。中国正在实施和普及社会保障体系，以解决普通民众的后顾之忧，让人们可以为子女教育、医疗等生活必需开支放心消费。一旦人们有了钱并且愿意消费，扩大内需的目标就实现了。
